English for Vietnamese Speakers – Lesson 5

Welcome to Lesson 5 of English for Vietnamese Speakers! This lesson will focus on prepositions of place, such as in, on, under, behind, next to, and the question word where. Prepositions help describe the position of objects, which is essential for basic communication.

1. Introduction to Prepositions (Giới thiệu về giới từ)

In English, prepositions of place describe where something or someone is. For example:

• In: Trong
• On: Trên
• Under: Dưới
• Behind: Phía sau
• Next to: Bên cạnh
• Where: Ở đâu

2. Prepositions of Place with Examples (Giới từ chỉ vị trí với ví dụ)

Here are the main prepositions of place with Vietnamese translations and example sentences:

1. IN (TRONG)

• Meaning: Indicates something is inside.
• Examples:
  • The apple is in the basket.
    (Quả táo ở trong giỏ.)
  • She is in the room.
    (Cô ấy ở trong phòng.)

2. ON (TRÊN)

• Meaning: Indicates something is on the surface of something else.
• Examples:
  • The book is on the table.
    (Cuốn sách ở trên bàn.)
  • He is sitting on the chair.
    (Anh ấy đang ngồi trên ghế.)

3. UNDER (DƯỚI)

• Meaning: Indicates something is below something else.
• Examples:
  • The shoes are under the bed.
    (Đôi giày ở dưới giường.)
  • The cat is under the table.
    (Con mèo ở dưới bàn.)

4. BEHIND (PHÍA SAU)

• Meaning: Indicates something is at the back of something else.
• Examples:
  • The car is behind the house.
    (Chiếc xe ở phía sau ngôi nhà.)
  • She is standing behind the door.
    (Cô ấy đang đứng phía sau cửa.)

5. NEXT TO (BÊN CẠNH)

• Meaning: Indicates something is beside or close to something else.
• Examples:
  • The school is next to the library.
    (Trường học ở bên cạnh thư viện.)
  • I am sitting next to my friend.
    (Tôi đang ngồi bên cạnh bạn tôi.)

6. WHERE (Ở ĐÂU)

• Meaning: Used to ask about the location of something or someone.
• Examples:
  • Where is the book?
    (Cuốn sách ở đâu?)
  • Where is your house?
    (Nhà của bạn ở đâu?)

3. Practice Vocabulary (Luyện từ vựng)

Objects to Describe Locations:

1. Table (Bàn)
2. Chair (Ghế)
3. Bed (Giường)
4. Door (Cửa)
5. Room (Phòng)
6. Bag (Túi)
7. Car (Xe)
8. Cat (Mèo)
9. Apple (Táo)
10. Shoes (Giày)

4. Practice Sentences (Câu thực hành)

Here are some simple sentences to help you practice using these prepositions. Translate these into Vietnamese to build your skills.

1. The pen is on the table.
2. The book is in the bag.
3. The shoes are under the chair.
4. The cat is behind the door.
5. The lamp is next to the bed.
6. Where is the apple?
7. The keys are in the car.
8. The dog is on the sofa.

Vietnamese Translations for Reference:

1. Cây bút ở trên bàn.
2. Quyển sách ở trong túi.
3. Đôi giày ở dưới ghế.
4. Con mèo ở phía sau cửa.
5. Đèn ngủ ở bên cạnh giường.
6. Táo ở đâu?
7. Chìa khóa ở trong xe.
8. Con chó ở trên ghế sofa.

5. Interactive Exercises (Bài tập tương tác)

Activity 1: Fill in the Blanks (Điền vào chỗ trống)

Fill in the blanks with “in”, “on”, “under”, “behind”, or “next to”:

1. The keys are ___ the bag.
2. The shoes are ___ the bed.
3. The cat is ___ the chair.
4. The phone is ___ the table.
5. The school is ___ the library.

Activity 2: Answer the Questions (Trả lời câu hỏi)

Answer these questions using the prepositions:

1. Where is the book?
   • Example: The book is on the table.
2. Where is the cat?
3. Where are your keys?
4. Where is the car?
5. Where is the lamp?

6. Homework (Bài tập về nhà)

1. Write 5 sentences using “in,” “on,” “under,” “behind,” or “next to.”
2. Translate these sentences into English:
   • Con mèo ở trên ghế.
   • Cây bút ở trong túi.
   • Đôi giày ở dưới giường.
   • Ngôi nhà ở phía sau trường học.
   • Quả táo ở đâu?
3. Practice asking and answering “Where” questions with a friend or using Google Translate to check your pronunciation.

7. Suggested YouTube Video for Practice

To practice listening and pronunciation of prepositions of place, watch the video:
Learn Prepositions of Place in English – In, On, Under, Behind, and More.
This video uses animations and examples to make learning prepositions fun and easy.

Conclusion (Kết luận)

In this lesson, you’ve learned how to use common prepositions of place and ask questions using “where.” These are essential for everyday communication and will help you describe locations and directions clearly. Practice these prepositions in sentences daily to build confidence.